Maybe. to the board, in lieu of such written certification, the newly elected a director appointed by the developer to the board of directors of a N.B. including, but not limited to, the common areas; roof or structural For example, you may want to opt out of having your driveway salted during the winter because it is killing your grass. assumption or use by another corporation until 120 days after the or educational certificate for inspection by the members for 5 years However, while generally homeowners associations are provided for the common good of its residents, what happens when it becomes necessary to dissolve an HOA? But, if youre really fed up with your HOA and you feel like you have no other options, dissolution may be a possibility. If they dont have the facts correct, its assumed they are acting on bad faith when really they are acting on bad information.. Plus, any contracts that the HOA has with third-party vendors will need to be terminated, which could further increase costs. . association may waive the requirement of obtaining an insurance policy State law or the associations governing documents will determine the procedural requriements for dissolution. contract. Mandatory HOAs are exactly as they sound: membership is non-optional. 
interested, the board must: (a)Comply with the requirements of s. 617.0832. For example, contracts for snow removal, mortgages if the association borrowed money for improvements to community property or common areas within the development. will faithfully discharge his or her fiduciary responsibility to the When figuring out whether or not you can opt out of an HOA, its important to check your state and local laws. Are there any sentencing guidelines for the crimes Trump is accused of? of all members concerning matters of common interest to the members, If youd like a deeper understanding of community management goals beyond attending meetings and reading through governing documents CAI has a wealth of helpful resources for homeowners. Ten months later, two board members and two former board members were charged with stealing $2 million from the HOA. his or her office in compliance with this section. . is only liable for the reasonable value of goods and services provided If you belong to a voluntary HOA, you can leave whenever you like. Common reasons why a neighborhood or multi-unit building may want to remove themselves from the control of an HOA essentially boil down to problems with management, finances, or other operational problems with the HOA. How can a person kill a giant ape without using a weapon? elements serving an improvement or building for which the association and landscaping. This is the legal document that governs the actions of the HOA. You may still need to use HOA property, such as private roads, in order to access your property. So, that snow removal your HOA would have otherwise handled probably through a negotiated contract with an independent service provider is now in the hands of the city, and your neighborhood will just have to wait its turn for service. We may not be happy with every decision the board makes, but then at least everybody understands why those decisions are being made., Header Image Source: (Will Truettner / Unsplash). The paperwork that you signed when you bought your house may have some unwanted surprises in it for you. established in the future. In many cases, the guidelines will also allow for the vote-in of an immediate replacement of the unseated board member, so if youre passionate about your community or have a vision for the direction of your HOA, dont be shy about stepping up! That said, depending on the service being provided, you may be able to negotiate an exemption with your HOA. As a member, you pay HOA dues, abide by the communitys rules, and get to elect If you're trying to get rid of your HOA and the current board isn't down with your plans, you'll be paying those legal fees yourself. Be warned, however, that even if a judge agrees youve been treated unfairly, that doesnt necessarily mean youll You also have the right to run for election to the HOAs board of directors. However, in some states an HOA can be forced upon you in special circumstances, You join automatically when you buy your house, Usually cant leave until you sell your home, Often offers more extensive amenities/services than voluntary HOAs, Especially common in planned communities and condominiums, Often a group of neighbors who want to improve a certain aspect of the community, Common in older areas that werent built with the intention of forming an HOA, Cannot issue liens for non-payment of fees. revocation by action of the board of directors alone, in which event able to argue that the CC&Rs are no longer enforceable. Its really difficult to get out of an HOA if your home was already part of one when you bought it. The situation was unclear as to whether the HOA would be liable for the repair expense, or if that responsibility would fall to the homeowners. 26 U.S.C. Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. For example, your HOA cannot decide that it is going to provide landscaping services to all the homes in the community except yours just because one of the board members doesnt like you. 
But just getting most or even all of your fellow HOA members on board isnt enough. is responsible; representations of the developer pertaining to any Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information, Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information. These steps usually involve bringing the issue to the attention of the board, setting a meeting time to discuss, and then taking a vote to remove that person. . Thank you for the thoughtful response: IANAL and able to follow the narrative. condominium association under chapter 718, a cooperative association Just answer a few questions and we'll narrow the search for you. (1)POWERS AND DUTIES.An association which operates a community as In some states, you will need 100% of residents in the community to agree to the HOA, whereas in others you need a simple or strong majority. (c)A committee of the board of directors of which he or she is not a 720.301, et. 
Be sure that you have the most up-to-date version of the regulations including any additional documentation that may outline terms for dissolution and review them carefully. expressly limited or restricted in this chapter, those set forth in incorporated and the initial governing documents must be recorded in Is "Dank Farrik" an exclamatory or a cuss word? 
A judge may decide that your home in this case is too different from the rest of the community to justify forcing you to remain an HOA member. (2)If the association enters into a contract or other transaction different from those which applied prior to dissolution; (c)Change quorum or voting requirements for its board of directors or Some HOA governing documents will require unanimous consent for dissolution, and others might require a majority or super majority (80% is fairly typical). Upon motion of any member, the contract or transaction shall be In HOA neighborhoods, the restrictions are usually in a secondary document, not the deed itself. WebHow to dissolve an HOA. Perhaps disagreements about the neighbors petunias are why Gen X has the hardest time living with HOAs . Florida non-profit corporations are governed by Chapter 617 of Title XXXVI of the Florida Statutes. bond. Under Florida Statute 718,117, the following steps are to be taken to terminate a condominium in Florida: 1. The preservation process will mean that the covenants are effective under MRTA for another 30 years. parcel owner or owners. The HOA wont be able to prevent you from altering your property in such a way that it brings down the property values of the entire neighborhood. For example, association members could make a move to dissolve the HOA because of concerns that the Board is spending funds at too extravagant of a level, perhaps there is negligence in failing to maintain common areas or other buildings, security has been conducted on an inadequate basis, or the associations failure to properly enforce the CC&Rs. READ NEXT: Fee increases of 300 to 400% stun residents of Floridas largest homeowners association. (b)Enter the disclosures required by s. 617.0832 into the written its bylaws; (d)Prevent commencement of a proceeding by or against the corporation Whether or not you can actually leave your HOA largely depends on which type you belong to. The standards of conduct for other non-profit directors in Florida are as follows: 617.0830General standards for directors.. 
effective date of dissolution unless the dissolved corporation pursuant to s. 617.1403 shall not incur any personal liability thereby HOAs are definitely not for everyone. WebThe best way to dissolve your HOA is to put together a strong presentation and evidence of problems. Web6 Tips for Recruiting Future HOA Leaders; HOA Leadership Roles and Duties: A Guide to the Positions of President, Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer, and Board Member in Condo and Homeowners Associations; HOA Boards: Four Ways to Prevent and Ease Board Burnout; HOA Governance: Get the Most Out of Your Homeowners Association Otherwise, those obligations will remain attached to the real estate regardless of the fact that the homeowners association has dissolved. The better route is to figure out what the problem is and resolve that so the association can operate properly., Through her 17 years of community association legal work, Burgess has developed a threshold question when a homeowner raises the issue of dissolving an HOA. These organizations are defined in Section 202.001 of the Texas Property Code as: "[A]n incorporated or unincorporated association owned by or whose members consist primarily of the When is the Best Time to Buy a House in California? But remember, the board Gather a core group of people to start the HOA. Taking legal action may be the only route left open to you, but dont overlook other possible ways to resolve your issues Thus, before engaging in an attempt to dissolve an HOA, it is critical to understand what legal requirements are in place before embarking on such a path. Florida saw the largest population increase of any state from 2021 to 2022 at 1.9% while Michigans population slightly decreased over the same period. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. WebWith a resolution and plan in hand, Florida law provides for voluntary dissolution as follows: if your nonprofit has members, by action of the directors followed by a vote or other consent of the members; or if your nonprofit doesn't have members, by a Typically, this situation will need to be going on for years. fee, liquidated damages, or other penalty for such cancellation. brought up for a vote and may be canceled by a majority vote of the not dissolved. including his or her duties as a member of a committee: (b)With the care an ordinarily prudent person in a like position This law applies to all homeowners associations existing on or created after July 1, 2021. ss. Homeowner's Associations are taxed under Section 528 of the Internal Revenue Code (i.e. Join us to gain insights and perspectives on how to navigate through requirements of SB4D and the effect it will have on the already sky-rocketing insurance premiums. That generally involves legally dissolving the corporation, but the process is not easy or straightforward by any means. In this article, were going to cover a few reasons why you may want to disband your HOA, and what action you should take. after the directors election. the director reasonably believes are within the persons professional 1. The legal procedure for dissolving an HOA will vary based upon differences in state law and the processes and procedures set forth in the associations governing documents. Baby Boomers, on the other hand, were far more likely to say they love their HOAs. And if you are stuck with your HOA, you always have the option of selling your house and moving somewhere that suits you better. Better Business Bureau. authorized by the members, a statement that revocation was permitted HOAs add value to homes because they help ensure a certain standard of community living. Though dissolving a HOA is legally permissible, it is a daunting task involving a lot of procedural formalities. When you de-annex from an HOA, your property is no longer part of the HOA community. 
It is therefore prudent to seek legal help instead of trying to mess up the issue. When CC&Rs become restrictive to the point where homeowners feel that they are unable to make decisions about their own homes, tension can build. As mentioned above, the vote approving dissolution by the members of the HOA is only one of the steps in the process of dissolving an HOA. Sell or Buy a Home with Clever and Save Thousands! with any of its directors or a corporation, firm, association that is Summer currently resides in Nuremberg, Germany, where she fulfills her passions of food and travel and avoids her dislikes of mayonnaise and being trapped in an office. The law specifically applies to not-for-profit organizations operating residential homeowners associations in (b)The written certification or educational certificate is valid for get to leave the HOA. members, change provisions for selection, resignation, or removal of 
Both Chapter 720 of the Florida Statutes, the Florida Homeowners Association Act, and Chapter 718 of the Florida Statutes, the Florida Condominium Act, provide a process for owners to petition the board to have specific items placed on the agenda of a board meeting. shareholders in those sections includes members of a corporation WebTo create a homeowners association in Florida, a community must be incorporated and record its initial governing documents in the official records of the county where the association is located. And thats not including the human capital of people going out and getting the votes and chasing down the mortgage companies for approval.. In this case, youll need an attorney Miami-Dade State Attorneys bus on the scene when investigators seized and scanned financial records at the Hammocks Community Association clubhouse office in 2022. The dues are low - think $25-$50 per year, but they will randomly impose an assessment for trees or to redo the middle of the culdesac. If an HOA allows its registration with the state to lapse into dissolution: Does its officers and agents bear liability for any action and not the association? (5)The association shall maintain insurance or a fidelity bond for Disclosure prior to sale of residential parcels. If they fail to do so, a judge may Whatever the reasons, there is a set of formal rules that needs to be followed for dissolution of your HOA. Whats more, without an HOA at the helm of community maintenance, your neighborhood is now just another bullet point on the municipality checklist. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. The board shall fill the vacancy or parks. Organize an HOA meeting and suggest dissolving the organization. Make sure you choose one carefully since HOA law is highly specialized. his or her immediate family from any person providing or proposing to division-approved education provider within 1 year before or 90 days association that he or she has read the associations declaration of for filing articles of revocation of dissolution, together with a copy Your HOA has a number of responsibilities, including enforcing the Covenants, Conditions, and Restrictions (CC&Rs), holding elections for board directors, and conducting regular meetings. A simple majority vote may be enough to get rid of an overly restrictive rule that has been making life difficult for you and others. 301 Gatewood Ct # 301, Ormond Beach, FL 32174 is a single-family home listed for-sale at $284,900. When that happens, talk to an attorney to find out what your options are. dissolved non-profit corporation in Florida still exists as an entity, relatively easy to reinstate a dissolved corporation, Reinstatement of an administrative dissolution, Improving the copy in the close modal and post notices - 2023 edition. Dont Fix These 7 Things When Selling Your House, 6 Reasons the Housing Market Remains Seller-Friendly, Amenities (recreational facilities, pools, outdoor areas, and so on), Building repair (in the case of a multi-unit structure). HOA member. Another key reason may include the association members failure to pay dues as required. Probably not, except in very unique circumstances. The first step in dissolving an HOA is typically to get the consent of a majority of homeowners or members, following the procedures outlined in the bylaws or other governing documents. The ambiguity surrounding HOA law from state to state can create a situation where overly zealous neighbors may try to pressure you into joining a new HOA. The association may defend actions Votes and chasing down the mortgage companies for approval which he or she is not 720.301... 720.301, et in compliance with this section your house may have some unwanted surprises it. Vote and may be canceled by a majority vote of how to dissolve a homeowners association in florida Florida Statutes vote of the board Gather a group... 301 Gatewood Ct # 301, Ormond Beach, FL 32174 is a single-family home for-sale. Document that governs the actions of the HOA community neighbors petunias are why Gen X has the time. Using a weapon companies for approval ) the association and landscaping NEXT: Fee increases of 300 to %... Fee increases of 300 to 400 % stun residents of Floridas largest homeowners association the narrative to follow narrative... 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interested, the board must: (a)Comply with the requirements of s. 617.0832. For example, contracts for snow removal, mortgages if the association borrowed money for improvements to community property or common areas within the development. will faithfully discharge his or her fiduciary responsibility to the When figuring out whether or not you can opt out of an HOA, its important to check your state and local laws. Are there any sentencing guidelines for the crimes Trump is accused of? of all members concerning matters of common interest to the members, If youd like a deeper understanding of community management goals beyond attending meetings and reading through governing documents CAI has a wealth of helpful resources for homeowners. Ten months later, two board members and two former board members were charged with stealing $2 million from the HOA. his or her office in compliance with this section. . is only liable for the reasonable value of goods and services provided If you belong to a voluntary HOA, you can leave whenever you like. Common reasons why a neighborhood or multi-unit building may want to remove themselves from the control of an HOA essentially boil down to problems with management, finances, or other operational problems with the HOA. How can a person kill a giant ape without using a weapon? elements serving an improvement or building for which the association and landscaping. This is the legal document that governs the actions of the HOA. You may still need to use HOA property, such as private roads, in order to access your property. So, that snow removal your HOA would have otherwise handled probably through a negotiated contract with an independent service provider is now in the hands of the city, and your neighborhood will just have to wait its turn for service. We may not be happy with every decision the board makes, but then at least everybody understands why those decisions are being made., Header Image Source: (Will Truettner / Unsplash). The paperwork that you signed when you bought your house may have some unwanted surprises in it for you. established in the future. In many cases, the guidelines will also allow for the vote-in of an immediate replacement of the unseated board member, so if youre passionate about your community or have a vision for the direction of your HOA, dont be shy about stepping up! That said, depending on the service being provided, you may be able to negotiate an exemption with your HOA. As a member, you pay HOA dues, abide by the communitys rules, and get to elect If you're trying to get rid of your HOA and the current board isn't down with your plans, you'll be paying those legal fees yourself. Be warned, however, that even if a judge agrees youve been treated unfairly, that doesnt necessarily mean youll You also have the right to run for election to the HOAs board of directors. However, in some states an HOA can be forced upon you in special circumstances, You join automatically when you buy your house, Usually cant leave until you sell your home, Often offers more extensive amenities/services than voluntary HOAs, Especially common in planned communities and condominiums, Often a group of neighbors who want to improve a certain aspect of the community, Common in older areas that werent built with the intention of forming an HOA, Cannot issue liens for non-payment of fees. revocation by action of the board of directors alone, in which event able to argue that the CC&Rs are no longer enforceable. Its really difficult to get out of an HOA if your home was already part of one when you bought it. The situation was unclear as to whether the HOA would be liable for the repair expense, or if that responsibility would fall to the homeowners. 26 U.S.C. Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. For example, your HOA cannot decide that it is going to provide landscaping services to all the homes in the community except yours just because one of the board members doesnt like you. But just getting most or even all of your fellow HOA members on board isnt enough. is responsible; representations of the developer pertaining to any Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information, Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information. These steps usually involve bringing the issue to the attention of the board, setting a meeting time to discuss, and then taking a vote to remove that person. . Thank you for the thoughtful response: IANAL and able to follow the narrative. condominium association under chapter 718, a cooperative association Just answer a few questions and we'll narrow the search for you. (1)POWERS AND DUTIES.An association which operates a community as In some states, you will need 100% of residents in the community to agree to the HOA, whereas in others you need a simple or strong majority. (c)A committee of the board of directors of which he or she is not a 720.301, et. Be sure that you have the most up-to-date version of the regulations including any additional documentation that may outline terms for dissolution and review them carefully. expressly limited or restricted in this chapter, those set forth in incorporated and the initial governing documents must be recorded in Is "Dank Farrik" an exclamatory or a cuss word? A judge may decide that your home in this case is too different from the rest of the community to justify forcing you to remain an HOA member. (2)If the association enters into a contract or other transaction different from those which applied prior to dissolution; (c)Change quorum or voting requirements for its board of directors or Some HOA governing documents will require unanimous consent for dissolution, and others might require a majority or super majority (80% is fairly typical). Upon motion of any member, the contract or transaction shall be In HOA neighborhoods, the restrictions are usually in a secondary document, not the deed itself. WebHow to dissolve an HOA. Perhaps disagreements about the neighbors petunias are why Gen X has the hardest time living with HOAs . Florida non-profit corporations are governed by Chapter 617 of Title XXXVI of the Florida Statutes. bond. Under Florida Statute 718,117, the following steps are to be taken to terminate a condominium in Florida: 1. The preservation process will mean that the covenants are effective under MRTA for another 30 years. parcel owner or owners. The HOA wont be able to prevent you from altering your property in such a way that it brings down the property values of the entire neighborhood. For example, association members could make a move to dissolve the HOA because of concerns that the Board is spending funds at too extravagant of a level, perhaps there is negligence in failing to maintain common areas or other buildings, security has been conducted on an inadequate basis, or the associations failure to properly enforce the CC&Rs. READ NEXT: Fee increases of 300 to 400% stun residents of Floridas largest homeowners association. (b)Enter the disclosures required by s. 617.0832 into the written its bylaws; (d)Prevent commencement of a proceeding by or against the corporation Whether or not you can actually leave your HOA largely depends on which type you belong to. The standards of conduct for other non-profit directors in Florida are as follows: 617.0830General standards for directors.. effective date of dissolution unless the dissolved corporation pursuant to s. 617.1403 shall not incur any personal liability thereby HOAs are definitely not for everyone. WebThe best way to dissolve your HOA is to put together a strong presentation and evidence of problems. Web6 Tips for Recruiting Future HOA Leaders; HOA Leadership Roles and Duties: A Guide to the Positions of President, Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer, and Board Member in Condo and Homeowners Associations; HOA Boards: Four Ways to Prevent and Ease Board Burnout; HOA Governance: Get the Most Out of Your Homeowners Association Otherwise, those obligations will remain attached to the real estate regardless of the fact that the homeowners association has dissolved. The better route is to figure out what the problem is and resolve that so the association can operate properly., Through her 17 years of community association legal work, Burgess has developed a threshold question when a homeowner raises the issue of dissolving an HOA. These organizations are defined in Section 202.001 of the Texas Property Code as: "[A]n incorporated or unincorporated association owned by or whose members consist primarily of the When is the Best Time to Buy a House in California? But remember, the board Gather a core group of people to start the HOA. Taking legal action may be the only route left open to you, but dont overlook other possible ways to resolve your issues Thus, before engaging in an attempt to dissolve an HOA, it is critical to understand what legal requirements are in place before embarking on such a path. Florida saw the largest population increase of any state from 2021 to 2022 at 1.9% while Michigans population slightly decreased over the same period. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. WebWith a resolution and plan in hand, Florida law provides for voluntary dissolution as follows: if your nonprofit has members, by action of the directors followed by a vote or other consent of the members; or if your nonprofit doesn't have members, by a Typically, this situation will need to be going on for years. fee, liquidated damages, or other penalty for such cancellation. brought up for a vote and may be canceled by a majority vote of the not dissolved. including his or her duties as a member of a committee: (b)With the care an ordinarily prudent person in a like position This law applies to all homeowners associations existing on or created after July 1, 2021. ss. Homeowner's Associations are taxed under Section 528 of the Internal Revenue Code (i.e. Join us to gain insights and perspectives on how to navigate through requirements of SB4D and the effect it will have on the already sky-rocketing insurance premiums. That generally involves legally dissolving the corporation, but the process is not easy or straightforward by any means. In this article, were going to cover a few reasons why you may want to disband your HOA, and what action you should take. after the directors election. the director reasonably believes are within the persons professional 1. The legal procedure for dissolving an HOA will vary based upon differences in state law and the processes and procedures set forth in the associations governing documents. Baby Boomers, on the other hand, were far more likely to say they love their HOAs. And if you are stuck with your HOA, you always have the option of selling your house and moving somewhere that suits you better. Better Business Bureau. authorized by the members, a statement that revocation was permitted HOAs add value to homes because they help ensure a certain standard of community living. Though dissolving a HOA is legally permissible, it is a daunting task involving a lot of procedural formalities. When you de-annex from an HOA, your property is no longer part of the HOA community. It is therefore prudent to seek legal help instead of trying to mess up the issue. When CC&Rs become restrictive to the point where homeowners feel that they are unable to make decisions about their own homes, tension can build. As mentioned above, the vote approving dissolution by the members of the HOA is only one of the steps in the process of dissolving an HOA. Sell or Buy a Home with Clever and Save Thousands! with any of its directors or a corporation, firm, association that is Summer currently resides in Nuremberg, Germany, where she fulfills her passions of food and travel and avoids her dislikes of mayonnaise and being trapped in an office. The law specifically applies to not-for-profit organizations operating residential homeowners associations in (b)The written certification or educational certificate is valid for get to leave the HOA. members, change provisions for selection, resignation, or removal of Both Chapter 720 of the Florida Statutes, the Florida Homeowners Association Act, and Chapter 718 of the Florida Statutes, the Florida Condominium Act, provide a process for owners to petition the board to have specific items placed on the agenda of a board meeting. shareholders in those sections includes members of a corporation WebTo create a homeowners association in Florida, a community must be incorporated and record its initial governing documents in the official records of the county where the association is located. And thats not including the human capital of people going out and getting the votes and chasing down the mortgage companies for approval.. In this case, youll need an attorney Miami-Dade State Attorneys bus on the scene when investigators seized and scanned financial records at the Hammocks Community Association clubhouse office in 2022. The dues are low - think $25-$50 per year, but they will randomly impose an assessment for trees or to redo the middle of the culdesac. If an HOA allows its registration with the state to lapse into dissolution: Does its officers and agents bear liability for any action and not the association? (5)The association shall maintain insurance or a fidelity bond for Disclosure prior to sale of residential parcels. If they fail to do so, a judge may Whatever the reasons, there is a set of formal rules that needs to be followed for dissolution of your HOA. Whats more, without an HOA at the helm of community maintenance, your neighborhood is now just another bullet point on the municipality checklist. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. The board shall fill the vacancy or parks. Organize an HOA meeting and suggest dissolving the organization. Make sure you choose one carefully since HOA law is highly specialized. his or her immediate family from any person providing or proposing to division-approved education provider within 1 year before or 90 days association that he or she has read the associations declaration of for filing articles of revocation of dissolution, together with a copy Your HOA has a number of responsibilities, including enforcing the Covenants, Conditions, and Restrictions (CC&Rs), holding elections for board directors, and conducting regular meetings. A simple majority vote may be enough to get rid of an overly restrictive rule that has been making life difficult for you and others. 301 Gatewood Ct # 301, Ormond Beach, FL 32174 is a single-family home listed for-sale at $284,900. When that happens, talk to an attorney to find out what your options are. dissolved non-profit corporation in Florida still exists as an entity, relatively easy to reinstate a dissolved corporation, Reinstatement of an administrative dissolution, Improving the copy in the close modal and post notices - 2023 edition. Dont Fix These 7 Things When Selling Your House, 6 Reasons the Housing Market Remains Seller-Friendly, Amenities (recreational facilities, pools, outdoor areas, and so on), Building repair (in the case of a multi-unit structure). HOA member. Another key reason may include the association members failure to pay dues as required. Probably not, except in very unique circumstances. The first step in dissolving an HOA is typically to get the consent of a majority of homeowners or members, following the procedures outlined in the bylaws or other governing documents. 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