This is an increase of 5 pp since 2019; a difference likely due to the prioritisation of non-jury trials as a result of COVID-19 restrictions . Freedom of Information (FOI) Knife crime in England and Wales for 2020 by ethnicity Knife crime in England and Wales for 2020 by ethnicity Release date: 22 April 2021 You asked May I be given. When defendants appear in court, they have the right to either speak for themselves, or to be represented and to have someone with legal expertise speak on their behalf. A decline in custody rate was observed in 2020, likely a result of the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on courts and the prioritisation of non-jury trials . To allow users to assess the confidence they have in the data we are using, levels of missing or unreported ethnicity are reported throughout. In 2020/21, three quarters (77%) of stop and searches resulted in the principal outcome no further action[footnote 31]. Outcomes for minority ethnic children are often more pronounced than White children at various points of the CJS. Arrests were the principal outcome in 12% of stop and searches, community resolutions in 7% and other outcomes in 6% . As such, the homicide data in this chapter will not be related to population numbers[footnote 16]. Individuals with an unknown or not stated ethnicity are not included in the analysis, because it is impossible to tell where they should be counted. Prevalence rate of violent crime U.S. 2014-2021, by race/ethnicity. SEN support replaces school action and school action plus but some pupils remain with these provision types in first year of transition. Data are available for the year ending March 2019, year ending March 2018 and the year ending . They have been excluded from all analyses in this chapter. RRI analysis shows that defendants from Mixed and Chinese or Other ethnic groups were not significantly more or less likely to be sentenced to immediate custody compared to White defendants, and Black and Asian defendants were 6% and 4% less likely to be sentenced to immediate custody in comparison with White defendants respectively. In contrast, fewer Black (15%), Mixed (18%) and Asian (20%) prisoners reported bullying/victimisation from other prisoners, compared to prisoners from White (23%) and Other ethnic groups (24%). In 2020, Black offenders made up 32% of the prison population for under-18-year olds, despite accounting for only 13% of the whole prison population. Personal crime [footnote 11] against adults. If you have any feedback about the changes referred to in the introduction, or the report more generally, please contact the production team through the Justice Statistics Analytical Services division of the Ministry of Justice: Dont include personal or financial information like your National Insurance number or credit card details. Crime lower work is carried out by legal aid providers at police stations, in magistrates courts and prison. , Caution must be taken with interpreting data from the Chinese or Other group as the population size is very small. Arrests for Asian, Mixed and Other ethnicity children declined 24% to 25%. In 2021, 81.7% (48.7 million) of usual residents in England and Wales identified their ethnic group within the high-level "White" category, a decrease from 86.0% (48.2 million) in the 2011 Census. The proportion of young offenders persistently absent was higher for White, Black and Asian ethnic groups receiving a custodial sentence compared to the total sentenced/ convicted. Since 2015/16, the percentage of adults who were victims of a personal crime once or more, excluding fraud and computer misuse, remained stable at 4%. Previously, these officers have been counted under the Chinese or Other ethnic group. Much of this information has previously been published in the Offender Management statistics quarterly publication, where statistics on adjudications, Home Detention Curfew, Release on Temporary Licence and Licence Recalls can also be found. High levels of missing ethnicity data would be of concern, both in terms of sample sizes and the risk of systematic bias. Arrests for children have been declining at a faster rate than arrests for adults, down 33% and 20% respectively since 2016/17. Due to the small population of children from Asian, Mixed and Chinese or Other ethnic groups they are subject to greater variance across the years and have therefore been omitted from this comparison. In 2020, 70% of the legally aided prison law workload related to White defendants, 11% to Black, 8% to Other, 6% to Mixed and 5% to Asian. In 2020, where ethnicity was known, the number of requirements started under community orders fell to 72,400[footnote 58]; a decrease of 33% since 2018. In the year ending March 2022, approximately 548,000 males, and 96,000 females were arrested for offences in England and Wales, which was more than in the previous year for both males and. , The Homicide in England and Wales - Office for National Statistics (ons.gov.uk) publication utilises 2016 population estimates to derive homicide rates relative to the population. The reoffending rate among children was higher for the Black ethnic group at 45% and has consistently been higher over the last five years than the White (39%), Asian (35%) and Other (34%) ethnic groups. The most frequent method of killing in homicides with Asian victims was Strangulation (38%), closely followed by sharp instrument (35%). , As a survey that asks people whether they have experience as a victim of crime, the CSEW does not cover homicides or crimes where there is no direct victim, such as possession of drugs or motoring offenses. High proportions of prisoners from all ethnic groups reported that they knew what the COVID restrictions were in the prison and that reasons for restrictions had been explained to them. Custody rates have largely converged across ethnic groups between 2016 and 2019. Where we have identified any third party copyright information you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. This publication compiles statistics from data sources across the Criminal Justice System (CJS), to provide a combined perspective on the typical experiences of different ethnic groups. In the three-year period from 2017/18 to 2019/20, the most frequent location for homicides with White or Asian victims was in and around the house (53% and 41%, respectively), whereas those with victims from Black or Other ethnic groups were more likely to take place on the street (including footpaths/alleyways; 60% and 48%, respectively). Navigate toBy ethnicity of defendant over timesection 4. The overall ethnicity trends for stop and searches tend to be influenced by stop and searches conducted in London, due to Londons ethnic composition compared with the rest of England and Wales. This analysis compares the police identified ethnicity in the matched young offender cohort by total sentence/cautioned and those sentenced to custody (12 months or less and more than 12 months). Educational attainment of those sentenced to custody was lower than the attainment of all young offenders. In contrast, 85% of prisoners aged 50 or over were White. Number of black people killed by white people. An infographic is published alongside this report to provide visualisations of key messages. Those where ethnicity was not known/recorded are not included in this commentary. Of these, 79% were White, 12% Black, 4% Asian, 4% Mixed ethnicity, and 1% Chinese or Other ethnicities. A larger proportion of White defendants (24%) received representation at magistrates court compared to all other ethnic groups, with the lowest proportion at 16% for Asian defendants. Despite the large decrease in both prosecutions and convictions over the past 5 years, proportions across ethnic groups have remained stable. In 2020, of prisoners whose ethnicity was known[footnote 49], 73% were White, 13% Black, 8% Asian, 5% Mixed and 1% from Other ethnic groups. , A first-time offender is an offender who has been arrested by the police in England and Wales and has received a first conviction, caution or youth caution for any offence recorded on the Police National Computer. Magistrates: Between 2017 and 2021, the proportion of practitioners from minority ethnic groups has increased, leading to a decrease in the proportion of White practitioners, by 2.4 pp mainly driven by an increase in the proportion of practitioners from Asian (1.3 pp) and Black (0.8) ethnic groups[footnote 98]. Over the last 5 years, the proportion of arrests in London and across England and Wales have remained relatively stable by ethnic group. In response to COVID-19 lockdown restrictions, interviews were suspended two weeks early in March 2020. The ACSL for sexual offences varied by ethnic group. Figure 5.04: RRI of remands in custody at Crown Court, 2016-2020, England and Wales. Similarly, prisoners of Mixed ethnic groups made up 12% of all prisoners under 18, yet only accounting for 5% of the entire prison population. In 2020, 52% of Black defendants were remanded in custody, compared to 36% of White defendants. These decreases are mainly due to court restrictions as a result of COVID-19^59]. , This figure includes 96 victims of Hillsborough and four victims of the Westminster Bridge attack in the year ending 2017, and 31 victims of the terrorist attacks that involved multiple victims, including the Manchester Arena bombing, and the London Bridge attack recorded in the year ending 2018. 2 seconds ago 0 1 mins 0 1 mins The reoffending rate was highest for children across all ethnic groups compared to adults. The proportions of ethnic groups in the prison population has remained stable across the past 5 years. In 2019/20, the CSEW estimated that 4% of adults were a victim of a personal crime on one or more occasions. In most instances data are presented in terms of calendar years (up to 2020) and financial years (up to 2019/20), reflecting the reporting cycles and data collection of the agencies contributing information for this publication. of Justice National statistics Women and the Criminal Justice System 2021 Published 24 November 2022 Applies to England and Wales 1. The largest change in the proportion of staff was a 1.2 pp increase in the Asian ethnic group[footnote 93]. Ethnicity is recorded by either self-reporting or as identified by a police officer[footnote 2]. In 2020, the custody rate was highest for the Chinese or Other ethnic group, at 64% and lowest for the Mixed ethnic group at 48%. White prisoners reported more positive experiences on their wing/houseblock compared to prisoners of other ethnicities, with 90% of White prisoners reporting that they could shower every day, in comparison with 80% of Black prisoners. For more information on stop and search legislation, please see the accompanying guidance document. The ACSL for possession of weapons offences fell by 41%, between 2016 and 2020, for Asian offenders and 23% Black offenders. ACSL for possession of weapons offences decreased between 2016 and 2020 for all ethnic groups except Mixed, decreasing the largest for Asian and Black offenders. Across the past 5 years, White defendants consistently had the highest guilty plea rate, at 79% in 2020, followed by defendants of the Mixed ethnic group at 73%, Chinese or Other ethnic groups at 72%, Asian at 68% and Black defendants at 66%. The matched cohort data also provided information on the proportion of those sentenced/cautioned that have a history of being persistently absent from school, have a previous record of being permanently excluded from school, or have received a suspension, at any point during KS4. The greatest increase in custody rate was seen in the White ethnic group, increasing from 29% to 35%, and Mixed ethnic groups (28% to 35%)[footnote 43]. The location in which a homicide was committed showed marked differences between ethnic groups. When conducting a stop and search, police record the reason for the stop and search as well as the ethnicity of the person searched[footnote 25]. Higher proportions of staff and practitioners in more senior roles were White for all organisations, when compared to the ethnic breakdowns of less senior staff[footnote 100]. As shown in figure 5.03, the Chinese or Other and Black ethnic groups were more likely to be remanded in custody at Crown Court in 2020, at 51% and 49% respectively. The following analysis cannot be used to make conclusions about the overall pupil population that have the characteristics described as the matched dataset is of offenders only[footnote 71]. Where changes to data systems or data quality issues do not allow for this, trends have been presented for the longest periods possible. The ACSL for possession of weapon offences fell between 2016 and 2020 across all ethnic groups, except for the Mixed ethnic group . Convictions across indictable offence groups varied between ethnic groups in 2020, with drug offences accounting for the highest proportion of offenders within each ethnic group except for White offenders, where the highest proportion of convictions was for theft offences. The Black ethnic group had the highest proportion of young offenders with SEN at 79%, combining SEN with statement and without statement. From 2016 to 2019, the guilty plea rate remained relatively stable at between 88% and 89%. , More information of ethnic group classifications can be found in Appendix I, Officer identified ethnicity can refer to ethnicity recorded by any third party, such as a police officer, clerk or a member of the data entry team. As outlined in the defendants chapter, drug offences accounted for the highest proportion of convictions within each ethnic group except for White offenders. Differences in outcomes between ethnic groups over time present a mixed picture, with disparity decreasing in some areas and widening in others. Find information about the experiences and outcomes of people. Figure 5.07: The average custodial sentence length in months for offenders sentenced to immediate custody for indictable offences at all courts, by ethnicity, 2016 to 2020, England and Wales. There were a total of 426 homicides in London, where ethnicity of the victim was recorded, in the three-year period (2017/18 to 2019/20). This was followed by Black (3.5), Asian (3.3) and Other ethnic groups (3.2). The Gangs Debate. The proportion of staff from White backgrounds has decreased between 1 and 2.4 pp across all CJS organisations over the last 5 years, largely driven by increases in the proportion of staff from Asian and Mixed ethnic backgrounds. A technical document titled A Guide to Statistics on Ethnicity and the Criminal Justice System is available alongside this report, which provides users with information on the concepts and terminology used within the report, as well as information about data sources, data quality and references. You have rejected additional cookies. For indictable offences, ethnic minority groups accounted for a higher proportion of male prosecutions and convictions compared to females. , Excludes declarations of prefer not to say. Society and culture Equality, rights and citizenship Equality Collection Ethnicity facts and figures: ethnic group summaries Statistics about people from different ethnic groups. , Children includes individuals aged up to 17 and adults includes individuals aged 18 and over. Of all defendants who entered a plea at Crown Court for sexual offences, 94% entered a guilty plea in 2020 . Where ethnicity was recorded in the data, for all young offenders sentenced or cautioned, over half were eligible for FSM: White (57%), Black (66%), Asian (59%), and Other (68%). The ethnicity of prisoners varied across age groups, with a higher proportion of younger prisoners being from minority ethnic groups (53% of under 18-year olds). Principal suspects in homicides with White victims were most likely to be a friend/acquaintance (29%). This publication is licensed under the terms of the Open Government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise stated. The relationship between race and crime in the United Kingdom is the subject of academic studies, government surveys, media coverage, and public concern. Give detailed and full explanations as to why the revisions were necessary. In 2020, 37% of all defendants prosecuted for sexual offences at Crown Court were remanded in custody . The identification of differences should not be taken as evidence of bias or as direct effects of ethnicity. It covers statistics on stop and searches and arrests, which are published by the Home Office in the Police powers and procedures: Stop and search and arrests, England and Wales, year ending 31 March 2021[footnote 20]. Crime, justice and the law Arrests Published 12 May 2022 Contents 1. toMain facts and figuressection 2. toThings you need to knowsection 3. The guilty plea rate (GPR) of defendants who were committed for trial at Crown Court increased across all ethnic groups from 2018-2020. Navigate toBy. As part of the "White" ethnic group, 74.4% (44.4 million) of the total population in England and Wales identified their ethnic group as . , A SEN statement is a document which sets out a childs SEN and any additional help that the child should receive. The proportion of male homicides was highest in the Black ethnic group (89%), followed by the Other ethnic group (77%), and the Asian ethnic group (68%). 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